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    <article id="post-SSH免密码登录" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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        <h3 id="SSH">SSH</h3><p>SSH（Secure Shell ）是一种网络协议，用于计算机之间的加密登录。</p>
<h3 id="公钥登录">公钥登录</h3><p>公钥（Public Key）与私钥（Private Key）是通过一种算法得到的一个密钥对（即一个公钥和一个私钥），公钥是密钥对中公开的部分，私钥则是非公开的部分。<br>所谓”公钥登录”，原理很简单，就是用户将自己的公钥储存在远程主机上。登录的时候，远程主机会向用户发送一段随机字符串，用户用自己的私钥加密后，再发回来。远程主机用事先储存的公钥进行解密，如果成功，就证明用户是可信的，直接允许登录shell，不再要求密码。</p>
<h3 id="具体步骤">具体步骤</h3><h5 id="1-_通过ssh-keygen生成秘钥">1. 通过ssh-keygen生成秘钥</h5><pre><code><span class="variable">$ </span>ssh-keygen -t rsa
</code></pre><p>-t指定加密类型为rsa，运行该命令以后，会在$HOME/.ssh/目录下，会新生成两个文件：id_rsa和id_rsa.pub。前者是你的私钥，后者是你的公钥。<br><img src="http://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/0F6F97CD-7321-47A2-872A-5D881797572D.png?imageView/2/w/500" alt="袁克强的博客"></p>
<h6 id="2-_复制公钥到远程服务器">2. 复制公钥到远程服务器</h6><p>复制到/home/$USER/.ssh （.ssh目录不存在则创建一个，<strong>保证.ssh和authorized_keys都只有用户自己有写权限，否则验证无效： chmod 700 -R .ssh</strong> ）   </p>
<pre><code>$ scp id_rsa<span class="class">.pub</span> root@myhost<span class="class">.com</span>:~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
</code></pre><h6 id="3-_将公钥保存到authorized_keys文件">3. 将公钥保存到authorized_keys文件</h6><p>登录远程服务器后，将公钥保存到authorized_keys文件。  </p>
<pre><code>$ cd ~/<span class="class">.ssh</span> 
$ cat id_rsa<span class="class">.pub</span> &gt;&gt; authorized_keys
</code></pre><hr>
<p>至此，即可免密码登录远程服务器。</p>

      
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        <h3 id="Serial_Diapatch_Queue_串行队列">Serial Diapatch Queue 串行队列</h3><p>任务相互依赖，具有明显的先后顺序的时候</p>
<figure class="highlight stylus"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">var</span> queue1 : dispatch_queue_t = <span class="function"><span class="title">dispatch_queue_create</span><span class="params">(<span class="string">"com.y.queue"</span>, DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="Concurrent_Diapatch_Queue_并发队列">Concurrent Diapatch Queue 并发队列</h3><p>不会存在任务间的相互依赖，并发执行</p>
<figure class="highlight stylus"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">var</span> queue2 : dispatch_queue_t = <span class="function"><span class="title">dispatch_queue_create</span><span class="params">(<span class="string">"com.y.queue"</span>, DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT)</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="Global_Queue_&amp;_Main_Queue">Global Queue &amp; Main Queue</h3><p>这是系统为我们准备的2个队列：</p>
<ul>
<li>Global Queue 就是系统创建的Concurrent Diapatch Queue</li>
<li>Main Queue 就是系统创建的位于主线程的Serial Diapatch Queue</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight kotlin"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable"><span class="keyword">var</span> queue1</span> = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable"><span class="keyword">var</span> queue2</span> = dispatch_get_main_queue()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="常用的队列方法">常用的队列方法</h3><hr>
<h4 id="dispatch_set_target_queue">dispatch_set_target_queue</h4><p>dispatch_set_target_queue 可以指定2个队列的优先级：</p>
<figure class="highlight lisp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_set_target_queue<span class="list">(<span class="keyword">queue2</span>,queue1)</span><span class="comment">;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatch_sync">dispatch_sync</h4><p>同步执行队列，会在当前线程执行队列，并且阻塞当前线程中之后运行的代码。</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_sync<span class="function"><span class="params">(dispatch_get_main_queue())</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"我执行完了才执行后面的代码"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatch_aync">dispatch_aync</h4><p>异步执行队列，不会阻塞当前线程中之后运行的代码。</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_sync<span class="function"><span class="params">(dispatch_get_main_queue())</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"我不影响代码继续执行"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatch_after">dispatch_after</h4><p>dispatch_after 用于异步延迟执行，如在主线程中延迟10秒执行。</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_after<span class="function"><span class="params">(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, Int64(<span class="number">10</span> * Double(NSEC_PER_SEC))), dispatch_get_main_queue())</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"我延迟10秒执行"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatch_apply">dispatch_apply</h4><p>dispatch_apply, 作用是把指定次数指定的block添加到queue中, 第一个参数是迭代次数，第二个是所在的队列，第三个是当前索引.</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_apply<span class="function"><span class="params">(<span class="number">10</span>, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, <span class="number">0</span>))</span> &#123; <span class="params">(index)</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(index);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatchgroup*">dispatch<em>group</em>*</h4><p>队列组，当我们需要监听一个并发队列中，所有任务都完成了，就可以用到这个group，因为并发队列你并不知道哪一个是最后执行的，所以以单独一个任务是无法监听到这个点的，如果把这些单任务都放到同一个group，那么，我们就能通过dispatch_group_notify方法知道什么时候这些任务全部执行完成了。</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> queue : dispatch_queue_t = dispatch_queue_create(<span class="string">"com.y.queue"</span>, DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> group : dispatch_group_t = dispatch_group_create();</span><br><span class="line">dispatch_group_async<span class="function"><span class="params">(group, queue)</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"0"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">dispatch_group_async<span class="function"><span class="params">(group, queue)</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"1"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">dispatch_group_async<span class="function"><span class="params">(group, queue)</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"2"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">dispatch_group_notify<span class="function"><span class="params">(group, dispatch_get_main_queue())</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"组里的所有任务都执行完了"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="dispatch_suspend_&amp;_dispatch_resume">dispatch_suspend &amp; dispatch_resume</h4><p>队列挂起和恢复。</p>
<figure class="highlight livescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dispatch_suspend(queue);</span><br><span class="line">sleep(<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">dispatch_async<span class="function"><span class="params">(dispatch_get_main_queue())</span> &#123; <span class="params">()</span> -&gt;</span> Void <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">   dispatch_resume(queue);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="其他">其他</h4><p>dispatch_barrier_async / dispatch<em>semaphore</em>* / dispatch_once 等。</p>

      
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    <article id="post-常用Git命令清单" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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        <p>[<a href="http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2015/12/git-cheat-sheet.html" target="_blank" rel="external">转载自阮一峰的网络日志</a>]  </p>
<p>我每天使用 Git ，但是很多命令记不住。<br>一般来说，日常使用只要记住下图6个命令，就可以了。但是熟练使用，恐怕要记住60～100个命令。</p>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/bg2015120901.png" alt="git"></p>
<p>下面是我整理的常用 Git 命令清单。几个专用名词的译名如下。</p>
<ul>
<li>Workspace：工作区</li>
<li>Index / Stage：暂存区</li>
<li>Repository：仓库区（或本地仓库）</li>
<li>Remote：远程仓库  </li>
</ul>
<h3 id="一、新建代码库">一、新建代码库</h3><pre><code><span class="comment"># 在当前目录新建一个Git代码库</span>
$ git init

<span class="comment"># 新建一个目录，将其初始化为Git代码库</span>
$ git init [project-name]

<span class="comment"># 下载一个项目和它的整个代码历史</span>
$ git <span class="keyword">clone</span> <span class="title">[url</span>]
</code></pre><h3 id="二、配置">二、配置</h3><p>Git的设置文件为.gitconfig，它可以在用户主目录下（全局配置），也可以在项目目录下（项目配置）。 </p>
<pre><code><span class="comment"># 显示当前的Git配置</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git config --list

<span class="comment"># 编辑Git配置文件</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git config -e [--global]

<span class="comment"># 设置提交代码时的用户信息</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git config [--global] user.name <span class="string">"[name]"</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git config [--global] user.email <span class="string">"[email address]"</span>
</code></pre><h3 id="三、增加/删除文件">三、增加/删除文件</h3><pre><code><span class="comment"># 添加指定文件到暂存区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git add [file1] [file2] ...

<span class="comment"># 添加指定目录到暂存区，包括子目录</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git add [dir]

<span class="comment"># 添加当前目录的所有文件到暂存区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git add .

<span class="comment"># 删除工作区文件，并且将这次删除放入暂存区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git rm [file1] [file2] ...

<span class="comment"># 停止追踪指定文件，但该文件会保留在工作区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git rm --cached [file]

<span class="comment"># 改名文件，并且将这个改名放入暂存区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]
</code></pre><h3 id="四、代码提交">四、代码提交</h3><pre><code>
# 提交暂存区到仓库区
$ git <span class="operator"><span class="keyword">commit</span> -<span class="keyword">m</span> [message]

# 提交暂存区的指定文件到仓库区
$ git <span class="keyword">commit</span> [file1] [file2] ... -<span class="keyword">m</span> [message]

# 提交工作区自上次<span class="keyword">commit</span>之后的变化，直接到仓库区
$ git <span class="keyword">commit</span> -a

# 提交时显示所有diff信息
$ git <span class="keyword">commit</span> -v

# 使用一次新的<span class="keyword">commit</span>，替代上一次提交
# 如果代码没有任何新变化，则用来改写上一次<span class="keyword">commit</span>的提交信息
$ git <span class="keyword">commit</span> <span class="comment">--amend -m [message]</span>

# 重做上一次<span class="keyword">commit</span>，并包括指定文件的新变化
$ git <span class="keyword">commit</span> <span class="comment">--amend [file1] [file2] ...</span></span>
</code></pre><h3 id="五、分支">五、分支</h3><pre><code>
<span class="comment"># 列出所有本地分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch

<span class="comment"># 列出所有远程分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch -r

<span class="comment"># 列出所有本地分支和远程分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch -a

<span class="comment"># 新建一个分支，但依然停留在当前分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch [branch-name]

<span class="comment"># 新建一个分支，并切换到该分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git checkout -b [branch]

<span class="comment"># 新建一个分支，指向指定commit</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch [branch] [commit]

<span class="comment"># 新建一个分支，与指定的远程分支建立追踪关系</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch --track [branch] [remote-branch]

<span class="comment"># 切换到指定分支，并更新工作区</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git checkout [branch-name]

<span class="comment"># 建立追踪关系，在现有分支与指定的远程分支之间</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch --set-upstream [branch] [remote-branch]

<span class="comment"># 合并指定分支到当前分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git merge [branch]

<span class="comment"># 选择一个commit，合并进当前分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git cherry-pick [commit]

<span class="comment"># 删除分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch -d [branch-name]

<span class="comment"># 删除远程分支</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git push origin --delete [branch-name]
<span class="variable">$ </span>git branch -dr [remote/branch]
</code></pre><h3 id="六、标签">六、标签</h3><pre><code>
<span class="comment"># 列出所有tag</span>
$ git <span class="keyword">tag</span>

<span class="title"># 新建一个tag</span>在当前commit
$ git <span class="keyword">tag</span> <span class="title">[tag</span>]

<span class="comment"># 新建一个tag在指定commit</span>
$ git <span class="keyword">tag</span> <span class="title">[tag</span>] [commit]

<span class="comment"># 删除本地tag</span>
$ git <span class="keyword">tag</span> <span class="title">-d</span> [<span class="operator">tag</span>]

<span class="comment"># 删除远程tag</span>
$ git push origin :refs/tags/[tagName]

<span class="comment"># 查看tag信息</span>
$ git show [<span class="operator">tag</span>]

<span class="comment"># 提交指定tag</span>
$ git push [remote] [<span class="operator">tag</span>]

<span class="comment"># 提交所有tag</span>
$ git push [remote] --tags

<span class="comment"># 新建一个分支，指向某个tag</span>
$ git checkout -b [branch] [<span class="operator">tag</span>]
</code></pre><h3 id="七、查看信息">七、查看信息</h3><pre><code><span class="comment"># 显示有变更的文件</span>
$ git status

<span class="comment"># 显示当前分支的版本历史</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示commit历史，以及每次commit发生变更的文件</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span> <span class="comment">--stat</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示某个commit之后的所有变动，每个commit占据一行</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span> [tag] HEAD <span class="comment">--pretty=format:%s</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示某个commit之后的所有变动，其"提交说明"必须符合搜索条件</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span> [tag] HEAD <span class="comment">--grep feature</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示某个文件的版本历史，包括文件改名</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span> <span class="comment">--follow [file]</span>
$ git whatchanged [<span class="type">file</span>]

<span class="comment"># 显示指定文件相关的每一次diff</span>
$ git <span class="command">log</span> -p [<span class="type">file</span>]

<span class="comment"># 显示指定文件是什么人在什么时间修改过</span>
$ git blame [<span class="type">file</span>]

<span class="comment"># 显示暂存区和工作区的差异</span>
$ git diff

<span class="comment"># 显示暂存区和上一个commit的差异</span>
$ git diff <span class="comment">--cached [file]</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示工作区与当前分支最新commit之间的差异</span>
$ git diff HEAD

<span class="comment"># 显示两次提交之间的差异</span>
$ git diff [<span class="keyword">first</span>-branch]...[<span class="keyword">second</span>-branch]

<span class="comment"># 显示某次提交的元数据和内容变化</span>
$ git show [commit]

<span class="comment"># 显示某次提交发生变化的文件</span>
$ git show <span class="comment">--name-only [commit]</span>

<span class="comment"># 显示某次提交时，某个文件的内容</span>
$ git show [commit]:[filename]

<span class="comment"># 显示当前分支的最近几次提交</span>
$ git reflog
</code></pre><h3 id="八、远程同步">八、远程同步</h3><pre><code>
<span class="comment"># 下载远程仓库的所有变动</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git fetch [remote]

<span class="comment"># 显示所有远程仓库</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git remote -v

<span class="comment"># 显示某个远程仓库的信息</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git remote show [remote]

<span class="comment"># 增加一个新的远程仓库，并命名</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git remote add [shortname] [url]

<span class="comment"># 取回远程仓库的变化，并与本地分支合并</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git pull [remote] [branch]

<span class="comment"># 上传本地指定分支到远程仓库</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git push [remote] [branch]

<span class="comment"># 强行推送当前分支到远程仓库，即使有冲突</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git push [remote] --force

<span class="comment"># 推送所有分支到远程仓库</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git push [remote] --all
</code></pre><h3 id="九、撤销">九、撤销</h3><pre><code># 恢复暂存区的指定文件到工作区
$ git checkout [file]

# 恢复某个<span class="operator"><span class="keyword">commit</span>的指定文件到工作区
$ git checkout [<span class="keyword">commit</span>] [<span class="keyword">file</span>]

# 恢复上一个<span class="keyword">commit</span>的所有文件到工作区
$ git checkout .

# 重置暂存区的指定文件，与上一次<span class="keyword">commit</span>保持一致，但工作区不变
$ git <span class="keyword">reset</span> [<span class="keyword">file</span>]

# 重置暂存区与工作区，与上一次<span class="keyword">commit</span>保持一致
$ git <span class="keyword">reset</span> <span class="comment">--hard</span>

# 重置当前分支的指针为指定<span class="keyword">commit</span>，同时重置暂存区，但工作区不变
$ git <span class="keyword">reset</span> [<span class="keyword">commit</span>]

# 重置当前分支的<span class="keyword">HEAD</span>为指定<span class="keyword">commit</span>，同时重置暂存区和工作区，与指定<span class="keyword">commit</span>一致
$ git <span class="keyword">reset</span> <span class="comment">--hard [commit]</span>

# 重置当前<span class="keyword">HEAD</span>为指定<span class="keyword">commit</span>，但保持暂存区和工作区不变
$ git <span class="keyword">reset</span> <span class="comment">--keep [commit]</span>

# 新建一个<span class="keyword">commit</span>，用来撤销指定<span class="keyword">commit</span>
# 后者的所有变化都将被前者抵消，并且应用到当前分支
$ git revert [<span class="keyword">commit</span>]</span>
</code></pre><h3 id="十、其他">十、其他</h3><pre><code><span class="comment"># 生成一个可供发布的压缩包</span>
<span class="variable">$ </span>git archive
</code></pre><hr>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/Git%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4.jpg" alt="git"></p>

      
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    <article id="post-Envoy任务执行器及自动化部署项目" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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        <h3 id="简介">简介</h3><p>Laravel Envoy 提供了简洁、轻量的语法用于定义在远程服务器上可执行的通用任务。通过 Blade 风格的语法，你可以很容易地设置任务从而完成部署、执行 Artisan 命令或其他更多工作。</p>
<p>官网：<a href="https://github.com/laravel/envoy" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/laravel/envoy</a></p>
<h3 id="安装">安装</h3><p>直接通过 Composer 的 global 命令来安装 Envoy：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ composer global require <span class="string">"laravel/envoy=~1.0"</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>务必将 ~/.composer/vendor/bin 目录加入到 PATH 环境变量中，这样才能在命令行中执行 envoy 命令时找到可执行文件。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ vim ~/.bash_profile</span><br><span class="line">$ <span class="built_in">export</span> PATH=<span class="string">"<span class="variable">$PATH</span>:~/.composer/vendor/bin"</span></span><br><span class="line">$ <span class="built_in">source</span> ~/.bash_profile</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="Envoy_基本使用">Envoy 基本使用</h3><h4 id="创建任务">创建任务</h4><p>Envoy通过执行 Envoy.blade.php文件来执行SSH任务。<br>在项目目录创建Envoy.blade.php，写入如下内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight php"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@servers([<span class="string">'web'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'root@115.27.x.x'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">@task(<span class="string">'foo'</span>, [<span class="string">'on'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'web'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">    ls -la</span><br><span class="line">@endtask</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如上所示，@servers数组定义了服务器地址，后续的任务声明中，你可以在 on 选项中直接引用。@task声明里定义了一个名称为foo的任务，用于执行ls -la。</p>
<h3 id="执行任务">执行任务</h3><p>使用run命令来执行任务</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ envoy run foo</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行run命令后，控制台会要求输入服务器的密码。<br>输入密码后即可看到在服务器执行ls -la的结果。<br><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/E5BFE028-7948-4522-B225-CC5661CDE7E9.png" alt="sd"></p>
<p>如有需要，你还可以通过命令行向 Envoy 文件传递参数：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ envoy run deploy --path=/home/www</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight crystal"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> <span class="variable">@servers</span>([<span class="string">'web'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'192.168.1.1'</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@task</span>(<span class="string">'deploy'</span>, [<span class="string">'on'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'web'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">   cd <span class="expansion">&#123;&#123;<span class="variable">$path</span>&#125;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">   ls</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@endtask</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>可以在 @setup 指令中声明变量，并在 Envoy 文件中执行普通的 PHP 代码:</p>
<figure class="highlight xquery"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@setup</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable">$now</span> = new DateTime();</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable">$environment</span> = isset(<span class="variable">$env</span>) ? <span class="variable">$env</span> : <span class="string">"testing"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">@endsetup</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>还有多服务器并行执行：</p>
<figure class="highlight less"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@servers</span>([<span class="string">'web-1'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'192.168.1.1'</span>, <span class="string">'web-2'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'192.168.1.2'</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@task</span>(<span class="string">'deploy'</span>, [<span class="string">'on'</span> =&gt; [<span class="string">'web-1'</span>, <span class="string">'web-2'</span>],<span class="string">'parallel'</span> =&gt; true])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@endtask</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>其他，@macro任务宏声明让你只用一条命令就能顺序执行一组任务， @after声明在任务执行完后处理，如发一封邮件通知等。</p>
<p>参考<a href="https://laravel.com/docs/5.1/envoy" target="_blank" rel="external">https://laravel.com/docs/5.1/envoy</a></p>
<h3 id="使用envoy部署项目">使用envoy部署项目</h3><p>在实际项目中我们常常使用git来作版本控制，开发完成后将代码提交到远程代码库。<br>在产品发布新版本时,可以在服务器直接git pull下来完成更新。我们将一系列任务通过envoy来执行，如：</p>
<figure class="highlight crystal"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@servers</span>([<span class="string">'web'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'115.27.x.x'</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@task</span>(<span class="string">'deploy'</span>, [<span class="string">'on'</span> =&gt; <span class="string">'web'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">   cd /home/www/laravel</span><br><span class="line">   git pull origin <span class="expansion">&#123;&#123; <span class="variable">$branch</span> &#125;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">   php artisan migrate</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@endtask</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@after</span></span><br><span class="line">echo <span class="string">"\r\n新版本发布完成！\r\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@endafter</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight applescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ envoy <span class="command">run</span> deploy <span class="comment">--branch=master</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<hr>
<p>基于envoy的项目：<br>Envoyer : <a href="https://envoyer.io/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://envoyer.io/</a><br>envoy-deploy : <a href="https://github.com/papertank/envoy-deploy" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/papertank/envoy-deploy</a></p>

      
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    <article id="post-细说iOS消息推送" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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      <a href="/2015/11/细说iOS消息推送/" class="article-date">
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      <a class="article-title" href="/2015/11/细说iOS消息推送/">细说iOS消息推送</a>
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        <blockquote>
<p>[转载自<a href="https://blog.leancloud.cn/1163/" target="_blank" rel="external">leancloud</a>]</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="APNs_的推送机制">APNs 的推送机制</h3><p>与 Android 上我们自己实现的推送服务不一样，Apple 对设备的控制非常严格，消息推送的流程必须要经过 APNs：  </p>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/remote_notif_simple_2x.png" alt="swift">  </p>
<p>这里 Provider 是指某个应用的 Developer，当然如果开发者使用 LeanCloud 的服务，把发送消息的请求委托给我们，那么这里的 Provider 就是 LeanCloud 的推送服务程序了。上图可以分为三步：  </p>
<ol>
<li>LeanCloud 推送服务程序把要发送的消息、目的设备的唯一标识打包，发给 APNs。  </li>
<li>APNs 在自身的已注册 Push 服务的应用列表中，查找有相应标识的设备，并把消息发送到设备。  </li>
<li>iOS 系统把发来的消息传递给相应的应用程序，并且按照设定弹出 Push 通知。  </li>
</ol>
<p>为了实现消息推送，有两点非常重要：  </p>
<p>1、App 的推送证书<br>要能够完整实现一条消息推送，需要我们在 App ID 中打开 Push Notifications，需要我们准备好 Provisioning Profile 和 SSL 证书，并且一定要注意 Development 和 Distribution 环境是需要分开的。最后，把 SSL 证书导入到 LeanCloud 平台，就可以尝试远程消息推送了。具体的操作流程可以参考我们的使用指南：iOS 推送证书设置指南 。  </p>
<p>2、设备标识 DeviceToken<br>知道了谁要推送，或者说要推送给哪个应用之后，APNs 还需要知道推到哪台设备上，这就是设备标识的作用。获取设备标识的流程如下：  </p>
<pre><code><span class="number">1.</span> 应用打开推送开关，用户要确认 TA 希望获得该应用的推送消息；  
<span class="number">2.</span> 应用获得一个 DeviceToken；  
<span class="number">3.</span> 应用将 DeviceToken 保存起来，这里就是通过 [AVInstallation saveInBackground] 将 DeviceToken 保存到 LeanCloud；  
<span class="number">4.</span> 当某些特定事件发生，开发者委托 LeanCloud 来发送推送消息，这时候 LeanCloud 的推送服务器就会给 APNs 发送一则推送消息，APNs 最后消息送到用户设备。  
</code></pre><p><a href="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/registration_sequence_2x.png" target="_blank" rel="external">leancloud</a>  </p>
<h3 id="推送相关的几个概念">推送相关的几个概念</h3><h4 id="消息类型">消息类型</h4><p>一条消息推送过来，可以有如下几种表现形式：  </p>
<ul>
<li>显示一个 alert 或者 banner，展现具体内容。  </li>
<li>在应用 icon 上提示一个新到消息数。  </li>
<li>播放一段声音。  </li>
</ul>
<p>开发者可以在每次推送的时候设置，在推送达到用户设备时开发者也可以选择不同的提示方式。  </p>
<h4 id="本地消息通知">本地消息通知</h4><p>iOS 上有两种消息通知，一种是本地消息（Local Notification），一种是远程消息 (Push Notification，也叫 Remote Notification)，设计这两种通知的目的都是为了提醒用户，现在有些什么新鲜的事情发生了，吸引用户重新打开应用。  </p>
<p>本地消息什么时候有用呢？譬如你正在做一个 To-do 的工具类应用，对于用户加入的每一个事项，都会有一个完成的时间点，用户可以要求这个 To-do 应用在事项过期之前的某一个时间点提醒一下 TA。为了达到这一目的，应用就可以调度一个本地通知，在时间点到了之后发出一个 Alert 消息或者其他提示。  </p>
<p>我们在处理推送消息的时候，也可以综合运用这两种方式。  </p>
<h4 id="代码里面如何实现推送">代码里面如何实现推送</h4><p>首先，我们要获取 DeviceToken。  </p>
<p>应用需要每次启动的时候都去注册远程通知——通过调用 UIApplication 的 registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: 方法，传递给它你希望支持的消息类型参数即可，例如：  </p>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions&#10;&#123;&#10;    // do some initiale working&#10;    ...&#10;&#10;    [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];&#10;    return YES;&#10;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果注册成功，APNs 会返回给你设备的 token，iOS 系统会把它传递给 app delegate 代理 application:didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken: 方法，你应该在这个方法里面把 token 保存到 LeanCloud 后台，例如：  </p>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken &#123;&#10;    NSLog(@&#34;Receive DeviceToken: %@&#34;, deviceToken);&#10;    AVInstallation *currentInstallation = [AVInstallation currentInstallation];&#10;    [currentInstallation setDeviceTokenFromData:deviceToken];&#10;    [currentInstallation saveInBackground];&#10;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果注册失败，application:didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError: 方法会被调用，通过 NSError 参数你可以看到具体的出错信息，例如：  </p>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">  &#10;- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error &#123;&#10;    NSLog(@&#34;&#27880;&#20876;&#22833;&#36133;&#65292;&#26080;&#27861;&#33719;&#21462;&#35774;&#22791; ID, &#20855;&#20307;&#38169;&#35823;: %@&#34;, error);&#10;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>请注意，注册流程需要在应用每次启动时调用，这并不不会带来额外的负担，因为 iOS 操作系统在第一次获得了有效的 device token 之后，会本地缓存起来，以后应用再调用 registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: 的时候会立刻返回，并不会再进行网络请求。另外，应用层面不应该对 device token 进行缓存，因为 device token 也有可能变化——如果用户重装了操作系统，那么 APNs 再次给出的 device token 就会和之前的不一样，又或者是，用户 恢复了原来的备份到新的设备上，那么原来的 device token 也会失效。  </p>
<p>其次，我们要处理收到消息之后的回调。  </p>
<p>我们可以设想一下消息通知的几种使用场景：  </p>
<p>1/ 在应用没有被启动的时候，接收到了消息通知。这时候操作系统会按照默认的方式来展现一个 alert 消息，在应用的 icon 上标记一个数字，甚至播放一段声音。<br>2/ 用户看到消息之后，点击了一下 action 按钮或者点击了应用图标。如果 action 按钮被点击了，系统会通过调用 application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: 这个代理方法来启动应用，并且会把 notification 的 payload 数据传递进去。如果应用图标被点击了，系统也一样会调用 application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: 这个代理方法来启动应用，唯一不同的是这时候启动参数里面不会有任何 notification 的信息。示例代码如下：</p>
<pre><code class="objective-c">&#10;- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions&#10;{&#10;    // do initializing works&#10;    ...&#10;&#10;    if (launchOptions) {&#10;        // do something else&#10;        ...&#10;&#10;        [AVAnalytics trackAppOpenedWithLaunchOptions:launchOptions];&#10;    }&#10;&#10;    [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];&#10;&#10;    return YES;&#10;}
</code></pre>
<p>3/ 如果远程消息发送过来的时候，应用正在运行，这时候会发生什么呢？应用代理的 application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: 方法会被调用，同时远程消息中的 payload 数据会作为参数传递进去。示例代码如下：  </p>
<pre><code class="objective-c">&#10;&#10;- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo {&#10;    if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {&#10;        // &#36716;&#25442;&#25104;&#19968;&#20010;&#26412;&#22320;&#36890;&#30693;&#65292;&#26174;&#31034;&#21040;&#36890;&#30693;&#26639;&#65292;&#20320;&#20063;&#21487;&#20197;&#30452;&#25509;&#26174;&#31034;&#20986;&#19968;&#20010; alertView&#65292;&#21482;&#26159;&#37027;&#26679;&#31245;&#26174; aggressive&#65306;&#65289;&#10;        UILocalNotification *localNotification = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];&#10;        localNotification.userInfo = userInfo;&#10;        localNotification.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;&#10;        localNotification.alertBody = [[userInfo objectForKey:@&#34;aps&#34;] objectForKey:@&#34;alert&#34;];&#10;        localNotification.fireDate = [NSDate date];&#10;        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:localNotification];&#10;    } else {&#10;        [AVAnalytics trackAppOpenedWithRemoteNotificationPayload:userInfo];&#10;    }&#10;}
</code></pre>

      
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    <article id="post-swift实现UITableViewCell滑动删除" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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      <a href="/2015/11/swift实现UITableViewCell滑动删除/" class="article-date">
  	<time datetime="2015-11-06T06:00:39.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2015-11-06</time>
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        <h3 id="UITableViewCell滑动删除">UITableViewCell滑动删除</h3><p>实现Cell的滑动删除，只需重写UITableViewDelegate代理中的如下2个方法。  </p>
<pre><code class="swift">
<span class="comment">// 进入编辑模式，按下编辑按钮后执行  </span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">tableView</span><span class="params">(tableView: UITableView, commitEditingStyle editingStyle: UITableViewCellEditingStyle, forRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)</span></span> {
    <span class="comment">//删除数组中的数据</span>
    <span class="keyword">self</span>.dataArray.removeAtIndex(indexPath.row);  
    <span class="comment">//删除单元格</span>
    <span class="keyword">self</span>.tableView.deleteRowsAtIndexPaths([indexPath], withRowAnimation: <span class="type">UITableViewRowAnimation</span>.<span class="type">Top</span>);
}

<span class="comment">//修改文字  </span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">tableView</span><span class="params">(tableView: UITableView, titleForDeleteConfirmationButtonForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)</span></span> -&gt; <span class="type">String</span>? {
    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"啊~不要"</span>;
}
</code></pre>
<p> <img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/uitableviewcell11.gif" alt="swift">  </p>
<h3 id="UITableview_自定义Action">UITableview 自定义Action</h3><p>上面只实现了UITableViewCell的单个编辑Action，若要自定义Action，可使用如下的代理方法。  </p>
<pre><code class="swift">
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">tableView</span><span class="params">(tableView: UITableView, editActionsForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)</span></span> -&gt; [<span class="type">UITableViewRowAction</span>]? {
    <span class="keyword">let</span> action1 = <span class="type">UITableViewRowAction</span>(style: <span class="type">UITableViewRowActionStyle</span>.<span class="type">Default</span>, title: <span class="string">"删除"</span>) { (action , index) -&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"点击了删除"</span>);
    }
    <span class="keyword">let</span> action2 = <span class="type">UITableViewRowAction</span>(style: <span class="type">UITableViewRowActionStyle</span>.<span class="type">Normal</span>, title: <span class="string">"取消关注"</span>) { (action , index) -&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"点击了取消关注"</span>);
    }
    <span class="keyword">return</span> [action1,action2];
}
</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/uitableviewcell2.gif" alt="swift">  </p>

      
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    <article id="post-持续集成是什么" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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      <a href="/2015/11/持续集成是什么/" class="article-date">
  	<time datetime="2015-11-02T06:46:39.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2015-11-02</time>
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<p>[转载自<a href="http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2015/09/continuous-integration.html" target="_blank" rel="external">阮一峰的网络日志</a>]</p>
</blockquote>
<p>互联网软件的开发和发布，已经形成了一套标准流程，最重要的组成部分就是持续集成（Continuous integration，简称CI）。  </p>
<p>本文简要介绍持续集成的概念和做法。  </p>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/bg2015092301.png" alt="test">  </p>
<h3 id="一、概念">一、概念</h3><p>持续集成指的是，频繁地（一天多次）将代码集成到主干。  </p>
<p>它的好处主要有两个。  </p>
<ol>
<li>快速发现错误。每完成一点更新，就集成到主干，可以快速发现错误，定位错误也比较容易。  </li>
<li>防止分支大幅偏离主干。如果不是经常集成，主干又在不断更新，会导致以后集成的难度变大，甚至难以集成。   </li>
</ol>
<p>持续集成的目的，就是让产品可以快速迭代，同时还能保持高质量。它的核心措施是，代码集成到主干之前，必须通过自动化测试。只要有一个测试用例失败，就不能集成。  </p>
<p>Martin Fowler说过，”持续集成并不能消除Bug，而是让它们非常容易发现和改正。”  </p>
<p>与持续集成相关的，还有两个概念，分别是持续交付和持续部署。  </p>
<h3 id="二、持续交付">二、持续交付</h3><p>持续交付（Continuous delivery）指的是，频繁地将软件的新版本，交付给质量团队或者用户，以供评审。如果评审通过，代码就进入生产阶段。  </p>
<p>持续交付可以看作持续集成的下一步。它强调的是，不管怎么更新，软件是随时随地可以交付的。  </p>
<h3 id="三、持续部署">三、持续部署</h3><p>持续部署（continuous deployment）是持续交付的下一步，指的是代码通过评审以后，自动部署到生产环境。  </p>
<p>持续部署的目标是，代码在任何时刻都是可部署的，可以进入生产阶段。  </p>
<p>持续部署的前提是能自动化完成测试、构建、部署等步骤。它与持续交付的区别，可以参考下图。  </p>
<p><img src="https://dn-yuankeqiang.qbox.me/bg2015092302.jpg" alt="test">  </p>
<h3 id="四、流程">四、流程</h3><p>根据持续集成的设计，代码从提交到生产，整个过程有以下几步。  </p>
<p>4.1 提交<br>流程的第一步，是开发者向代码仓库提交代码。所有后面的步骤都始于本地代码的一次提交（commit）。  </p>
<p>4.2 测试（第一轮）<br>代码仓库对commit操作配置了钩子（hook），只要提交代码或者合并进主干，就会跑自动化测试。<br>测试有好几种。  </p>
<ul>
<li>单元测试：针对函数或模块的测试  </li>
<li>集成测试：针对整体产品的某个功能的测试，又称功能测试  </li>
<li>端对端测试：从用户界面直达数据库的全链路测试  </li>
</ul>
<p>第一轮至少要跑单元测试。  </p>
<p>4.3 构建<br>通过第一轮测试，代码就可以合并进主干，就算可以交付了。  </p>
<p>交付后，就先进行构建（build），再进入第二轮测试。所谓构建，指的是将源码转换为可以运行的实际代码，比如安装依赖，配置各种资源（样式表、JS脚本、图片）等等。  </p>
<p>常用的构建工具如下。  </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://jenkins-ci.org/" target="_blank" rel="external">Jenkins</a>   </li>
<li><a href="https://travis-ci.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">Travis</a>  </li>
<li><a href="https://www.codeship.io/" target="_blank" rel="external">Codeship</a>  </li>
<li><a href="http://stridercd.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">Strider</a>  </li>
</ul>
<p>Jenkins和Strider是开源软件，Travis和Codeship对于开源项目可以免费使用。它们都会将构建和测试，在一次运行中执行完成。  </p>
<p>4.4 测试（第二轮）<br>构建完成，就要进行第二轮测试。如果第一轮已经涵盖了所有测试内容，第二轮可以省略，当然，这时构建步骤也要移到第一轮测试前面。  </p>
<p>第二轮是全面测试，单元测试和集成测试都会跑，有条件的话，也要做端对端测试。所有测试以自动化为主，少数无法自动化的测试用例，就要人工跑。  </p>
<p>需要强调的是，新版本的每一个更新点都必须测试到。如果测试的覆盖率不高，进入后面的部署阶段后，很可能会出现严重的问题。  </p>
<p>4.5 部署<br>通过了第二轮测试，当前代码就是一个可以直接部署的版本（artifact）。将这个版本的所有文件打包（ tar filename.tar * ）存档，发到生产服务器。  </p>
<p>生产服务器将打包文件，解包成本地的一个目录，再将运行路径的符号链接（symlink）指向这个目录，然后重新启动应用。这方面的部署工具有Ansible，Chef，Puppet等。  </p>
<p>4.6 回滚<br>一旦当前版本发生问题，就要回滚到上一个版本的构建结果。最简单的做法就是修改一下符号链接，指向上一个版本的目录。  </p>
<h3 id="五、参考链接">五、参考链接</h3><p>Gergely Nemeth, <a href="https://blog.risingstack.com/continuous-deployment-of-node-js-applications/" target="_blank" rel="external">Continuous Deployment of Node.js Applications</a><br>Codeship, <a href="https://codeship.com/continuous-integration-essentials" target="_blank" rel="external">Continuous Integration Essentials</a>   </p>

      
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    <article id="post-使用融云为你的App添加即时通讯功能" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
    <div class="article-meta">
      <a href="/2015/10/使用融云为你的App添加即时通讯功能/" class="article-date">
  	<time datetime="2015-10-30T02:49:39.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2015-10-30</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/2015/10/使用融云为你的App添加即时通讯功能/">使用融云为你的App添加即时通讯功能</a>
    </h1>
  

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    <div class="article-entry" itemprop="articleBody">
      
        <p>[使用swift语言，为项目添加一个单对单通讯功能]</p>
<h3 id="简介">简介</h3><p>融云是一款第三方即时通讯SDK，通过融云平台，开发者不必搭建服务端硬件环境，就可以将即时通讯、实时网络能力快速集成至应用中。<br>官网：<a href="http://www.rongcloud.cn/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.rongcloud.cn/</a>  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>类似的SDK还有leancloud、环信等。  </p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="创建应用">创建应用</h3><p>在进行应用开发之前，需要前往<a href="https://developer.rongcloud.cn/signin" target="_blank" rel="external">融云开发者平台</a> 创建应用。<br>获得App Key和App Secret 。</p>
<h3 id="通过CocoaPods安装SDK">通过CocoaPods安装SDK</h3><p>在Podfile中加入pod ‘RongCloudIMKit’<br>执行命令安装  </p>
<pre><code class="bash">$ pod install
</code></pre>
<p>安装完成后在swift与objective-c的桥接文件中导入SDK  </p>
<pre><code class="swift">#<span class="keyword">import</span> &lt;RongIMKit/RongIMKit.h&gt;
</code></pre>
<h3 id="初始化SDK">初始化SDK</h3><p>初始化SDK，通过token链接服务器，并设置当前的用户。  </p>
<pre><code class="swift"><span class="comment">//初始化SDK</span>
<span class="type">RCIM</span>.sharedRCIM().initWithAppKey(<span class="string">"cpj2xarljexxx"</span>)  
<span class="comment">// 连接服务器</span>
<span class="type">RCIM</span>.sharedRCIM().connectWithToken(<span class="string">"/3SuTgMXKxywuZcZSyVeUyKCc+4pFtAAaogrQ+3UGk7BaEgBD5YClHs6HVIYJGTtuuaS2B1/6ACXwLNzSRhJTA=="</span>, success: { (str:<span class="type">String</span>!) -&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
    <span class="keyword">let</span> currentUserInfo = <span class="type">RCUserInfo</span>(userId: <span class="string">"001"</span>, name: <span class="string">"袁克强"</span>, portrait: <span class="literal">nil</span>)
    <span class="type">RCIMClient</span>.sharedRCIMClient().currentUserInfo = currentUserInfo
    <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"连接成功!"</span>)
}, error: {(error)-&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
    <span class="built_in">print</span>(error);
}, tokenIncorrect: {()-&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
    <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"token错误"</span>);
})
</code></pre>
<p><em>注：这里使用写死的token与用户信息，实际开发中我们需要登录后保存用户信息，并通过UserId远程获取token 参考<a href="http://www.rongcloud.cn/docs/server.html#_用户服务_原身份认证服务_" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.rongcloud.cn/docs/server.html#<em>用户服务</em>原身份认证服务_</a>，融云服务器不保存用户信息。</em></p>
<h3 id="启动单聊会话界面">启动单聊会话界面</h3><p>融云IMKit的会话界面已经高度集成，你只需要启动会话界面。<br>下面的例子是一个Button点击事件触发（聊天对象为自己）。</p>
<pre><code class="swift"><span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">createConversation</span><span class="params">()</span></span>{
    <span class="keyword">let</span> conVC = <span class="type">RCConversationViewController</span>();
    conVC.targetId = <span class="string">"001"</span>    
    conVC.userName = <span class="string">"袁克强"</span>
    conVC.conversationType = <span class="type">RCConversationType</span>.<span class="type">ConversationType_PRIVATE</span>
    conVC.title = v.userName;
    <span class="keyword">self</span>.navigationController?.pushViewController(conVC, animated: <span class="literal">true</span>);
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="效果">效果</h3><p><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/0C756E83-9237-4359-8BE4-18B055DDC00B.png" alt="ios">    </p>
<p>至此，一个简单的类似微信的单对单通讯功能已经开发完毕。  </p>

      
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    <article id="post-hello-world" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
    <div class="article-meta">
      <a href="/2015/10/hello-world/" class="article-date">
  	<time datetime="2015-10-28T01:06:17.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2015-10-28</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/2015/10/hello-world/">Hello World</a>
    </h1>
  

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    <div class="article-entry" itemprop="articleBody">
      
        <p>将之前的文章迁移到github.</p>
<h2 id="Quick_Start">Quick Start</h2><h3 id="Create_a_new_post">Create a new post</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> Hello = World();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

      
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    <article id="post-使用腾讯信鸽推送iOS消息" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
  
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      <a href="/2015/04/使用腾讯信鸽推送iOS消息/" class="article-date">
  	<time datetime="2015-04-10T00:06:17.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2015-04-10</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/2015/04/使用腾讯信鸽推送iOS消息/">使用腾讯信鸽推送iOS消息</a>
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        <p>近期App需要添加推送功能，选择了腾讯信鸽作为消息推送平台。  </p>
<h3 id="信鸽">信鸽</h3><p><a href="http://xg.qq.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">信鸽</a>（XG Push）是一款专业移动App推送平台，支持百亿级的通知/消息推送，秒级触达移动用户，现已全面支持Android和iOS两大主流平台。开发者可以方便地通过嵌入SDK，通过API调用或者Web端可视化操作，实现对特定用户推送，大幅提升用户活跃度，有效唤醒沉睡用户，并实时查看推送效果。  </p>
<p>简单记录开发过程（使用swift语言）：  </p>
<h3 id="1-_接入应用">1. 接入应用</h3><p>登录<a href="http://xg.qq.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://xg.qq.com/</a>  创建应用，获得ACCESS ID及ACCESS KEY。</p>
<p><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/2437291823355654328.png" alt="xinge">  </p>
<h3 id="2-_制作证书并上传">2. 制作证书并上传</h3><p>官方提供了详细的证书制作指南 <a href="http://developer.xg.qq.com/index.php/IOS_证书设置指南" target="_blank" rel="external">http://developer.xg.qq.com/index.php/IOS_证书设置指南</a>  </p>
<p>制作完成后上传即可。  </p>
<p><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/2448832297400692896.png" alt="xinge">  </p>
<h3 id="3-_下载SDK及工程配置">3. 下载SDK及工程配置</h3><ol>
<li><p>下载信鸽SDK压缩包到本地并解压；</p>
</li>
<li><p>创建或打开Xcode iOS工程；</p>
</li>
<li><p>将XGSetting.h 和 XGPush.h 和 libXG-SDK.a添加到Xcode工程；</p>
</li>
<li><p>添加对以下libraries的引用。包括CFNetwork.framework , SystemConfiguration.framework , CoreTelephony.framework , libz.dylib , libXG-SDK.a，Security.framework<br><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/Ios_pic1.png" alt="xinge"> </p>
</li>
<li>最后由于SDK是object-c版本的，在链接文件中引入头信息以便swift调用。<br>#import “XGPush.h”<br>#import “XGSetting.h”</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="4-_使用swift调用SDK">4. 使用swift调用SDK</h3><p><a href="http://developer.xg.qq.com/index.php/IOS_SDK" target="_blank" rel="external">参考技术开发文档</a>  </p>
<p>主要相关代码(AppDelegate.swift)：  </p>
<pre><code class="swift">
<span class="comment">// ........</span>

<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">application</span><span class="params">(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?)</span></span> -&gt; <span class="type">Bool</span> {

 <span class="type">XGPush</span>.startApp(220010xxxx,appKey:<span class="string">"IVPV4T39xxxx"</span>);
   <span class="type">XGPush</span>.initForReregister { () -&gt; <span class="type">Void</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>
        <span class="keyword">if</span>(!<span class="type">XGPush</span>.isUnRegisterStatus()){
            <span class="built_in">println</span>(<span class="string">"注册通知"</span>);
            <span class="keyword">if</span>(<span class="type">UIApplication</span>.instancesRespondToSelector(<span class="type">Selector</span>( <span class="string">"registerUserNotificationSettings:"</span> ))){
                application.registerUserNotificationSettings ( <span class="type">UIUserNotificationSettings</span> (forTypes:  <span class="type">UIUserNotificationType</span>.<span class="type">Sound</span> |  <span class="type">UIUserNotificationType</span>.<span class="type">Alert</span> |  <span class="type">UIUserNotificationType</span>.<span class="type">Badge</span>, categories:  <span class="literal">nil</span> ))
                application.registerForRemoteNotifications();
            } <span class="keyword">else</span> {
                application.registerForRemoteNotificationTypes(.<span class="type">Alert</span> | .<span class="type">Sound</span> | .<span class="type">Badge</span>);
            }
        }
    }
    <span class="comment">//推送反馈(app不在前台运行时，点击推送激活时)</span>
    <span class="type">XGPush</span>.handleLaunching(launchOptions)
}

<span class="comment">// 远程推送注册成功，获取deviceToken</span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">application</span><span class="params">(application: UIApplication , didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: NSData )</span></span> {
    <span class="keyword">var</span>  deviceTokenStr : <span class="type">String</span> = <span class="type">XGPush</span>.registerDevice(deviceToken);
    <span class="built_in">println</span>(deviceTokenStr)
}


<span class="comment">// 远程推送注册失败</span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">application</span><span class="params">(application: UIApplication , didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: NSError )</span></span> {
    <span class="keyword">if</span> error.code == <span class="number">3010</span> {
        <span class="built_in">println</span> ( <span class="string">"Push notifications are not supported in the iOS Simulator."</span> )
    } <span class="keyword">else</span> {
        <span class="built_in">println</span> ( <span class="string">"application:didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError: <span class="subst">\(error)</span> "</span> )
    }
}


<span class="comment">//app在前台运行时收到远程通知</span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">application</span><span class="params">(application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [NSObject : AnyObject])</span></span> {
    <span class="built_in">println</span>(userInfo);
    <span class="type">XGPush</span>.handleReceiveNotification(userInfo);
}

<span class="comment">//收到本地通知</span>
<span class="func"><span class="keyword">func</span> <span class="title">application</span><span class="params">(application: UIApplication, didReceiveLocalNotification notification: UILocalNotification)</span></span> {
    <span class="comment">// ...</span>
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="5-_进行验证测试">5. 进行验证测试</h3><p>根据之前代码里获得的deviceToken添加一台测试设备。<br><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/979532918971158346.png" alt="xinge">  </p>
<p>在腾讯信鸽平台创建一条开发环境的推送，手机就能收到推送的消息了。  </p>
<p><img src="http://7xnv0h.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/3833689182899793133.png" alt="xinge"></p>

      
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