diff --git a/crates/iceberg/src/error.rs b/crates/iceberg/src/error.rs
index 1eef1bcc4..88410826f 100644
--- a/crates/iceberg/src/error.rs
+++ b/crates/iceberg/src/error.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[non_exhaustive]
 pub enum ErrorKind {
+    /// The operation was rejected because the system is not in a state required for the operation’s execution.
+    PreconditionFailed,
+
     /// Iceberg don't know what happened here, and no actions other than
     /// just returning it back. For example, iceberg returns an internal
     /// service error.
@@ -76,6 +79,7 @@ impl From<ErrorKind> for &'static str {
             ErrorKind::TableNotFound => "TableNotFound",
             ErrorKind::NamespaceAlreadyExists => "NamespaceAlreadyExists",
             ErrorKind::NamespaceNotFound => "NamespaceNotFound",
+            ErrorKind::PreconditionFailed => "PreconditionFailed",
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/append.rs b/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/append.rs
index 474b32bec..d3960362f 100644
--- a/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/append.rs
+++ b/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/append.rs
@@ -219,6 +219,15 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::transaction::Transaction;
     use crate::{TableRequirement, TableUpdate};
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_empty_data_append_action() {
+        let table = make_v2_minimal_table();
+        let tx = Transaction::new(&table);
+        let mut action = tx.fast_append(None, vec![]).unwrap();
+        action.add_data_files(vec![]).unwrap();
+        assert!(action.apply().await.is_err());
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_fast_append_action() {
         let table = make_v2_minimal_table();
diff --git a/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/snapshot.rs b/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/snapshot.rs
index ee9721c16..0bded9135 100644
--- a/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/snapshot.rs
+++ b/crates/iceberg/src/transaction/snapshot.rs
@@ -172,6 +172,13 @@ impl<'a> SnapshotProduceAction<'a> {
     // Write manifest file for added data files and return the ManifestFile for ManifestList.
     async fn write_added_manifest(&mut self) -> Result<ManifestFile> {
         let added_data_files = std::mem::take(&mut self.added_data_files);
+        if added_data_files.is_empty() {
+            return Err(Error::new(
+                ErrorKind::PreconditionFailed,
+                "No added data files found when write a manifest file",
+            ));
+        }
+
         let snapshot_id = self.snapshot_id;
         let format_version = self.tx.current_table.metadata().format_version();
         let manifest_entries = added_data_files.into_iter().map(|data_file| {